QUESTION 1 (7 Marks) Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows:
Stanley is working in an organisation where he is involved in conducting interviews with prospective employees, hiring new employees and training these employees.

1.1 Identify and discuss the major area of industrial-organisational psychology (I-0) that Stanley works within. (4 marks)

1.2 Read the scenarios in Column A and match each to the correct field of psychology they relate to in Column B. (3 marks)

Your answers should be set out as follows:
– (1 mark)
– (1 mark)
– (1 mark)

For example:
1.2.2 – C

QUESTION 2 (18 Marks)
Discuss the functioning of the ego according to Freud’s psychodynamic theory and provide an example of the influence it has on individual behaviour. (6 marks)

Reflecting on the function of the ego, describe an incident where the function of the ego contributed to a decision that you or someone you know made. Motivate the reason for your answer. (2 marks)

Read the scenario below and answer the following questions:

Andy is experiencing significant anxiety about an upcoming job interview he has with Group 5. Despite having prepared extensively for the interview, he finds himself overwhelmed with negative thoughts about his abilities and potential for success. He was unsuccessful during a previous job interview, and is now convinced the same will happen during his upcoming interview. He is constantly concerned about being judged and rejected by the interview panel. Despite reassurances from friends and family, his anxiety persists, affecting his sleep and overall well-being.

Using Kelly’s theory of personality as a framework, analyse Andy’s experience of anxiety. (7 marks)

Reflecting on the treatments available for personality disorders, suggest how Andy can be assisted. (3 marks)

QUESTION 3 (4 Marks)
Identify and describe the leadership theory which was regarded as dehumanising.

QUESTION 4 (16 Marks)
“The whole is greater than the sum of its parts”.

With reference to this school of thought, identify and explain the theory as supported by Wertheimer. (9 marks)

Provide two examples of your own of how this theory is used in an organisation today. (3 marks)

4.4 Bergh and Theron, (2009: 10) believe that people should be studied in their social and cultural contexts.

Identify this school of thought and explain the importance of this theory in a country like South Africa. (4 marks)

QUESTION 5 (13 Marks)
Employee satisfaction with a job is described by Winter (n.d.), as correspondence. However, the correspondence may not always be perfect

Provide three (3) reasons why an employee may perceive this correspondence as less perfect. (3 marks)

Identify and explain two (2) adjustment criteria suggested by Norman (2013), that should take place in the case of a lack of correspondence. (10 marks)

QUESTION 6 (26 Marks)
Most management approaches that are used in local businesses are based on Western models developed in places like the United States of America or Great Britain. This presents particular problems in that the challenges faced in South Africa do not reflect the challenges faced in the places in which these policies and approaches were developed.

Reflecting on the unique socio-cultural landscape in South Africa, explain how workplace diversity contributes to both challenges and opportunities for organisations. (15 marks)

Explain ethnocentrism in a multicultural workplace, and provide an example of potential consequences of ethnocentrism in the workplace. (5 marks)

Having a diverse workforce also means that no one method can be used to motivate all members of the workforce, as individuals will respond differently to different methods. Hofstede (1993) proposed five different dimensions of cultural differences.

Reflecting on Hofstede’s dimension of cultural differences, identify and discuss which dimension relates to Ubuntu. (6 marks)

QUESTION 7 (16 Marks)
Identify and discuss the factors that may influence an employee’s career development. (10 marks)

Career development and support for employees is high on any organisation’s priority list.

Explain the importance and advantages of lifelong learning and skills development to a potential employee. (6 marks)

Answers to Above Questions on Industrial Psychology

Answer 1: An analysis of the given case scenario of Stanley indicates that he works within personnel psychology and performs various human resource functions such as recruitment selection and training of personnel. The roles and responsibility performed by Stanley aligns with personnel psychology, as the task of hiring new employees requires the consideration of core areas of personnel psychology.

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