Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health problem affecting people worldwide, with a rapidly elevating prevalence in both advancing and advanced countries (Bereda, 2021). Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes that can be life-threatening and is a medical emergency which requires prompt management to prevent mortality. According to Adnan (2015), the mortality rate of DKA in Malaysia setting is higher at 17.6 %. Hence, the role of the interprofessional team in evaluating and managing patients suffering from DKA is important in order to achieve the best outcomes.

QUESTION:

Discuss the endocrine system and its components as well as the physiology of a Diabetes mellitus patient who develop Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) from the perspective of anatomy and physiology.

Answer to Above Question:

The endocrine system consists of glands that are made of hormones, and these hormones are responsible for carrying information and instruction from one cell to another. Its important components include pineal gland, thyroid gland, hypothalamus, adrenal glands and pancreas. Diabetic Ketoacidosis generally occurs in a diabetic mellitus patient because of lack of insulin, and it ultimately causes high levels of glucose in the blood, and also breaks the fatty acid for energy. A patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis experiences physiological changes such as hyperglycemia, acidemia, dehydration and electrolyte imbalances as well as insulin deficiency.

answer
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